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KMID : 0861020080230030073
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Korea Journal of Herbology
2008 Volume.23 No. 3 p.73 ~ p.83
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Chloroform Fraction of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens Modulates the Production of Inflammatory Mediators in LPS-stimulated BV2 Microglial Cells
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Seo Un-Kyo
Jung Hyo-Won
Park Yong-Ki
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Abstract
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Objectives : The root of Zingiber officinale ROSC. (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens; Ginger) has been widely used as one of folk remedies and food materials in many traditional preparations. Ginger is known as an effective appetite enhancer and anti-inflammatory agent. This study was performed to investigate the effect of ginger chloroform fraction (GCF) in microglia which play a central role on brain inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases.
Methods : Dried ginger was extracted with 80% methanol, and then fractionated with chloroform. BV2 mouse microglial cells were cultured with different concentrations of GCF and then stimulated with LPS (1 μg/㎖) at indicated times. The cell toxicity of GCF was determined by MTT assay. The concentrations of NO, PGE2 and cytokines were measured by Griess assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. The mRNA and protein expressions of iNOS, COX-2 and cytokines were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The phosphorylation of three MAPKs (p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and JNK) and NF-κB activation were determined by Western blotting.
Results : GCF significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of inflammatory mediators, NO, PGE2 and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) in a dose-dependent manner. GCF attenuated LPS-induced expression of mRNA and protein of inflammatory enzymes, iNOS, COX-2 and proinflammatory cytokines through suppressing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK and the activation of p65 NF-κB in BV2 cells.
Conclusions : This study suggests that GCF may have an anti-inflammatory property through suppressing the inflammatory mediator production released by activated microglia after the brain injury.
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KEYWORD
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Zingiber officinale, inflammation, microglia, neurodegenerative disease, NF-κB pathway
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